Assignment Future of Modernization Paper

Task: Future of Modernization Paper John Schonewolf SOC/120 November 28, 2010 Nicole Taylor Adopting and changing over new thoughts into present day ways has regularly propelled social orders to look for change and expand on the establishment of their conventions. Many time while actualizing changes customs are lost and industrialization and modernization sets in. Modernization alludes to introduce social structures, particularly those built up in industrialized social orders when urbanization and mechanical progressions are among the main marker for survival.While talking about modernization you should take a gander at how it shows itself inside the United States, its continuation and the chance of an overall pattern. One should likewise take a gander at the outcomes of modernization by uncovering the positive and negative parts of modernization. Modernization is the change that occurs through the progressive method of industrialization, urbanization and social changes which change populaces (The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 2003). Modernization is frequently portrayed as the change from customary society to a contemporary society all things considered in Western civilizations.German humanist Ferdinand Tonnies’ hypothesis of Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft clarifies that â€Å"Industrial Revolution debilitated the social texture of family and convention by presenting an efficient accentuation on realities, productivity, and money† (Macionis, 2006, p. 457). Tonnies saw modernization as the dynamic loss of human network; the Gemeinschaft hypothesis; and depicts society as rootless and generic and people basically partner with other dependent on personal responsibility; the Gesellschaft hypothesis. Macionis, 2006) Modernization has quickly showed itself through four particular classifications; the decrease of little customary networks, development of individual decision, expanding social assorted variety, and direction toward the future and developing mindfulness. As a result of the decay of little customary networks modernization will proceed in the United States. In the past individuals lives rotated around their family and network where as in present day times individuals lives spin around independence and innovation. The expansion of mobile phones, TVs, and PCs has kept numerous individuals as a matter of fact a feeling of network or family.With the expanding innovation independence has pulled numerous individuals from their conventions or convictions. An ever increasing number of people are picking their own way of life instead of making due with what is known. Quite a bit of this independence has help increment social assorted variety. Individuals are growing their points of view with modernization which has made a type of social mixing which gives an increasingly sound and logical standpoint of various societies and are grasping different practices and convictions. With individuals grasping other conduct a few people are centered more around the future and their own growth.People are idealistic and anticipate new mechanical development with will improve their individual as well as public activities. (Macionis, 2006) Modernization has become an overall pattern which has arrived at spot, for example, China and Latin America. Ten Years in Latin America states â€Å"ten years prior, the chance of unhindered commerce all through the America was a removed dream† (Westlund, 2003). A wide scope of global businesses has joining the United States in carrying Latin American up to day with modernization and has become a key factor in imports and exports.With that modernization Latin Americas populace moved more than 500 million creation it one of the world’s most encouraging buyer markers. (Westlund, 2003) Modernization has additionally influenced China. China: Looking 50 Years Ahead talks about how over the most recent two decades China has seen a tremendous monetary beco me because of fast modernization. Anyway it has negatively affected the United States. As china keeps on modernizing, they are built up an atomic danger. It is a direct result of that atomic danger the United States and China has a key relationship which keep the two nations fulfilled (China, 2008).This case of how modernization has become overall is one of the outcomes of Modernization. Another genuine case of the results of modernization is the change to urbanization and industrialization. Urbanization is depicted as the expanding extent of populace in a given concentrated region during a particular period. With numerous individuals moving into greater urban areas to increase better life urbanization is starting to run inclined in greater urban areas, for example, New York, Chicago, or Miami. In an article distributed by the University of Michigan in 2002 entitled Urbanization and Global Change, it states â€Å" IN 1950, under 30% f the world’s populace lived in urban comm unities. This number developed to 47 % in the year 2000. It is relied upon to develop to 60% continuously 2025. (College of Michigan, 2002). This fast development is liable for a significant number of the ecological and social changes in the urban condition and its impact are identified with worldwide change issues. This fast change additionally puts a significant strain on the city’s capacity to protect its residents. Numerous residents don't get administrations need to endure. This fast change additionally causes serious ecological issues and across the board neediness (University of Michigan, 2002).This is likewise a case of Ferdinand Tonnies’ hypothesis of modernization which best mirror my view of modernization. As the populace develops in significant urban communities and networks and not, at this point close, modernization will proceed. The requirement for new mechanical and modern advances has made another general public into an endless loop of consistent chang e. Individuals are persistently looking for approaches to improve their life and make it simpler. In spite of the fact that modernization has a few advantages the urbanization and industrialization and making serious issues in today’s society.It is clear that the United States has persevered through numerous progressions all through its immense history and will keep on doing as the requirement for modernization increments to developed and has turned into a significant piece of society and the impacts of modernization will keeps on being felt over the world.References China: Looking 50 Years Ahead. (2008, June). Vitality Compass. Recovered from ABI/INFORM Trade & Industry database. (Report ID: 1510128161). Macionis, J. J. (2006). Society: The nuts and bolts (eighth ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language. (2003). Modernization. Recovered From http://www. thefreedictionary. com/modernization Univeris ty of Michigan. (2002). Urbanization and Global Change. Recovered from Global Change: http://www. globalchange. umich. edu/globalchange2/current/addresses/urban_gc/Westlund, R. (Jan-Feb 2003). Ten years in Latin America. (Extraordinary Advertising Feature). Latin Trade,â 11,â 1. p. 63(7). Retrieved from General OneFile via Gale: http://find. galegroup. com/ips/start. do? prodId=IPS

Sexism In The Workplace Essay Example For Students

Sexism In The Workplace Essay Sex RolesChildren gain from their folks and society the origination offeminine and manly. Much about these originations isn't natural atall yet social. The manner in which we will in general consider people and their genderroles in the public eye comprise the overall worldview that impacts out reasoning. Riane Eisler calls attention to that the common worldview makes it hard for usto break down appropriately the jobs of people in ancient times we have a culturalbias that we bring to the exertion and that hues our dynamic procedures. Sexism is the aftereffect of that predisposition forced by our procedure of cultural assimilation. Sex jobs in Western social orders have been changing quickly in recentyears, with the progressions made both by developmental changes in society,including monetary movements which have adjusted the manner in which individuals work and indeedwhich individuals fill in as an ever increasing number of ladies enter the workforce, and by perhapspressure brought to make changes as a result of the observation that the traditionalsocial structure was unjust. Sex relations are a piece of thesocialization process, the commencement given the youthful by society, instructing themcertain values and making in them certain personal conduct standards adequate totheir social jobs. These jobs have been in a condition of transition in Americansociety as of late, and people today can be viewed as having expandedtheir jobs in the public arena, with ladies entering some time ago male territories and menfinding better approaches to identify with and work in the nuclear family. At the point when I was growing up a lady was never known about having a vocation other thana teacher or sewer. Our(womens)job was to take careof the house. We had a major nursery out back from which we got mostof our vegetables†¦A garden is a ton of work you know†¦We additionally had tomake garments when there were none to be had(hand-me-downs)Gender can be characterized as a social personality comprising of the job aperson is to play in view of their sex. There is an assorted variety in male andfemale jobs, making it difficult to characterize sexual orientation regarding slender male andfemale jobs. Sexual orientation is socially characterized, with huge contrasts fromculture to culture. These distinctions are concentrated by anthropologists toascertain the scope of practices that have created to characterize sex and on theforces at work in the making of these jobs. The job of ladies in Americansociety was molded by strict perspectives and by the states of lifethat won th rough a lot of American history. The way of life of Europe andAmerica was put together for quite a long time with respect to a male centric framework where exclusiveownership of the female by a given male was viewed as significant, with theresult that ladies were directed to the job of property with no voice in theirown destiny. The young lady youngster was prepared from birth to fit the job anticipating her,and as long as pay were satisfactory, ladies were generally content:For Example, if as a byproduct of being a keeps an eye on property a lady receiveseconomic security, a full passionate life revolving around spouse and children,and a chance to communicate her abilities in the administration of her home, shehas little reason for discontent. While this announcement is questionable in the manner it accept that ladies arenot malcontented under such conditions, unmistakably for the majority of historywomen were relied upon to be content with this kind of life and were prepared forthat reason. Obviously, conditions of family life have changed in the modernera. Industry has been removed from the home, and huge families are no longereconomically conceivable or socially wanted. The house is not, at this point the middle ofthe spouses life, and for the conventional wife there is just a narrowing ofinterests and opportunities for improvement: Increasingly, the lady findsherself without an occupation and with an inadmissible enthusiastic life. Thechange in sex jobs that can be observed in the public eye is intently tied withchanges in the structure of the family. Changes in both family structure andsex jobs in the course of the only remaining century have delivered the mature we despite everything see today,and one of the issues w ith the changing job of ladies is the degree to whichsociety sees this is causing undesirable changes in the family, however it isjust as evident that adjustments in the family have modified the jobs of ladies. Socialism In The American Education System EssayThose stuck in sexism, nonetheless, can't concede even the straightforward solicitation to ask whywomen are second rate. The explanation sexism exists at all is a direct result of anacculturation process which quietly makes it, and it is propagated to some extent forthat reason and furthermore in light of the fact that apparent changes in the jobs and status of womencreate a backfire dependent on dread of progress. Studies have indicated that indistinguishable resumes or academic articles arerated lower if the candidate is however to be a lady as opposed to a man: Manssuccess is bound to be ascribed to capacity and womans to karma. Whileadvances have been made in the course of the most recent decade, the test stays for the next,and as long as ladies establish little minorities in nontraditional employmentcontexts, generous hindrances will remain. The ladies in the work environment mustwork harder to prevail than their male partners, and once they havesucceeded they need to manage the jealousy and nervousness this excites. Ladies whodo not advance just affirm the generalization for others:The discernment remains that ladies cannot make it by conventionalstandards, or are less dedicated to doing as such. In either occasion, they donot appear to warrant a similar interest in preparing, assistance,and advancement open doors as their male partners. Women's activist scholars possess been requiring some energy for a change in thepolitical atmosphere. They need something other than more ladies in office and thepolitical field; they need another sort of political reasoning, one that empowerspeople as opposed to government and that tends to the issues that are ofimportance to men and women:If we can kill the bogus polarities and welcome the cutoff points andtrue capability of womens power, we will have the option to get together with menfollow or leadâ€in the new human legislative issues that must rise beyondreaction. This new human freedom will empower us to reclaim theday and the night, and utilize the valuable and constrained assets of ourearth and the boundless assets of our human money to raise new sorts ofhomes for everything we could ever want. . . The observation the general population has had on the job of people isoutdated and has been for quite a while, however open mentalities change gradually even inthe face of overpowering proof. Over 40 years prior, anthropologistMargaret Mead noticed the manner in which the West had built up its idea of male andfemale:There has for quite some time been a propensity in Western progress of men to havea image of womanhood to which ladies hesitantly conformed,and for ladies to set expectations for man to which men adjustedeven all the more hesitantly. This has been a precise image of the way inwhich we have organized our general public, with ladies as guardians of thehouse who demand that the man wipe their feet on the entryway tangle, and menas attendants of ladies in the house who demand that their wivesshould stay unassumingly inside. Today, individuals are far less ready to acknowledge these counterfeit jobs evenreluctantly, and this incorporates the arrangement keeping ladies in the home and outof the open field. To have more ladies in office it is important to have morewomen run. As noted, open perspectives change more gradually than the truth of genderroles. They will keep on changing gradually as long as we proceed acculturatingchildren with the equivalent sexual generalizations that have so since a long time ago won. It isnecessary that we address this issue from youth, with parentsdemonstrating an alternate perspective on sex and sexual jobs similarly as the school andchurch should take a section in killing the old generalizations for a morereasonable and fair approach to see the two people. Business

The Ultimate Guide to Haptics

The Ultimate Guide to Haptics © Shutterstock.com | Dima SidelnikovIn this article, you will learn about 1) an introduction to haptics, 2) haptics in video games, 3) mobile devices and haptics, 4) haptics in medicine, 5) haptics in automotive, and 6) wearable haptics.INTRODUCTION TO HAPTICSHaptics has an ancient history. The word haptics is derived from the Greek word haptikos which means to grasp or perceive. Today’s word refers to the science of touch. Haptics is integrated into recent technology in a variety of ways. It started with the integration of motors that created vibrations. Now, haptics has been transformed from a gadget you carry in a case to technology you can wear on your wrist.You could encounter haptic technology almost anywhere today. If you have a mobile phone with a vibrate function, you will use haptic technology every day. If you play video games, drive a new car or have an interest in all things Apple, you will encounter haptics. If you go to the doctor or the dentist for a surgical proce dure, there is a good chance that your surgeon practiced with technology involving haptics.Haptics enhances everyday experiences by creating a sense of enhanced realism. In video games, users feel the rumble strips when they cross over a white line. When driving a real car, the steering wheel or touch pad can improve usability and safety of a vehicle. If you are using a mobile phone, haptics provides you with tactile confirmation that you have completed a task, leaving you feeling more confident about using your device.Haptic technology is growing quickly. Soon, you will be able to feel the power and realism of haptics almost anywhere.HAPTICS IN VIDEO GAMESThe earliest haptics in videos games consisted of carefully controlled vibrations that were sent through a handheld controller. As new systems launched, the competition became fierce. Soon Nintendo, Sony and Microsoft all had their own version of haptic technology in their consoles. Since the 1990s, haptics have gone much further than the controller and have transformed gaming into a completely interactive experience.The Earliest Haptics in Video GamesThe N64 rumble packs were a part of any Nintendo lover’s arsenal. These rumble packs were the precursor to the integrated and advanced haptics that gamers experience today.Rumble packs included an actuator, a type of motor, to convert energy into responsive vibrations. These vibrations were managed by the software in the N64 system and in the game. The software controlled when and how much the controller would vibrate.Integrating Haptics into the Gaming ExperienceGame designers and programmers needed to integrate haptics into the fabric of their software to make the most of the technology. Turn 10’s Forza series took on that challenge and completed it with perfect precision.Forza 5 changed driving simulation games by offering a fuller simulation for the controller. When gamers are racing through the streets of Prague, they can feel every cobblestone. The ga me was one of the flagship games launched with Microsoft’s Xbox One. Microsoft felt it was the best game on the market to show off the 40 redesigned features of the new controller.Beyond the Controller: Haptics for GamersSteering wheels have evolved dramatically over the last ten years. Many years ago fans were excited about the possibility of a Wii steering wheel. Now Logitech has released a series of steering wheels dedicated to those who love driving simulation games.The Logitech G27 Racing controller provides an entirely new racing experience. When users grip the steering wheel, their reality is enhanced as they feel every bump on the road. The steering wheel also provides an exceptional level of responsiveness to the game which prevents dreaded lag time.The feedback is also quieter than the previous G25 model. Users get the same forceful feedback without the heavy reliance on vibration.Gaming chairs have also become a must-have tool for serious console and PC gamers. The chai rs have several capabilities. Their ergonomic design helps intense gamers sit still in a chair for longer by making it both supportive and comfortable. Some chairs also offer the added benefit of haptic technology. D-BOX, Xrocker and Disney Research have all produced a chair designed to bring theater goers and gamers right into the action.Surround Haptics: Virtual Reality, Disney and the “Immersive Tactile Experience”Disney Research has spent the last few years working on what they call Surround Haptics. Surround Haptics offers users more than just vibrations. All of the sensations that the group is trying to create are cued by visual and auditory features that will draw the player into the game. It takes a lot of gear for Disney’s “immersive tactile experience”. Some of the tech the group is working on include gaming chairs, vests, theater seats, gloves, clothes, shoes, controllers and other hand-held devices. One of the sensations that Disney Research is trying to recrea te is the feeling of a finger running down your skin.MOBILE DEVICES AND HAPTICSMobile device manufacturers were some of the first to widely adopt haptic technology on a large scale. The vibrate function on mobile phones quickly became a standard feature. However, haptics in mobile devices has moved way beyond “putting your phone on silent”. As mobile phones have evolved, haptics has come along for the ride to improve the mobile experience in communication and gaming.NotificationsThe first mobile phone haptics included basic vibrations that allowed users to get notifications without having to turn on the ringer.These vibrations are now fully customizable so users know what the notification is without looking at their device. Users can now set what vibration is used for a specific application.Virtual KeyboardsAs mobile devices began to move away from physical keyboards, manufacturers met some resistance from users. Many cited the addictive usability of Blackberry’s QWERTY keyboa rd as a reason to avoid new virtual keyboards.Haptics became the saving grace of touch screen keyboards because they let users know that a key has been touched. The tactile feedback provides a similar recognition to the feedback provided by a physical keyboard.Apple plans to take haptics even further with its next generation of iPhone, due for release in Autumn 2015. Apple calls its new technology “Force Touch”. Apple plans to integrate tactile feedback straight into the screen of the iPhone 6S. The feature is already available on the Apple Watch and within the trackpads of the newest MacBooks.Some of the possibilities of Force Touch for iOS include reducing the number of actions required to complete tasks. With Force Touch, users may be able to change the background image without having to press several buttons and go through several menus.MessagingNew messaging systems no longer display haptic technology solely in the keyboard and personalized alerts. A new system called immer sive messaging brings a new way to communicate through mobile messaging.Immersive messaging allows users to share their thoughts and ideas through the physical senses instead of plain text. They do this through what is called hapticons. Hapticons are animated graphic symbols that users can insert into their messages.The technology includes TouchSense as well as gestural technology. This opens up a whole new means of mobile communication because you can literally feel another person’s presence from your phone.Mobile gamingHaptics is essential for mobile gaming because it makes it easier to realize what actions you have taken. The extension of tactile feedback from consoles into mobile gaming is a natural one that has transformed mobile gaming into a huge platform.Haptics provide a more immersive experience, which is particularly necessary on small screens.HAPTICS IN MEDICINEMedicine has always been about creating a personal connection between a doctor and their patient. The sense o f touch is incredibly important in medicine. But since technology has created new medical devices that allow doctors to complete procedures with minimal disruption to the patient, that personal connection has become distanced from the practice. When medical devices are integrated with haptic technology, the devices provide a new level of intuitive performance for medical practitioners. The result is a multi-disciplinary approach to developing medical devices.Periodontal TrainingHaptics has a place in the dentist’s office and in the doctor’s office. Dental training simulators become more effective and realistic when they are integrated with haptics. Many researchers believe that the use of haptic technology in student practice can help to eliminate professional errors.The PerioSim, a periodontal simulator, can help dentists diagnose and treat diseases. The hardware necessary for this activity is minimal and includes a monitor, speakers, haptic interface device, glasses, helmets ( for 2D and 3D video) and gloves to allow dentists to feel the sensations.This kind of training teaches students good psychomotor skills and the correct use of dental instruments without having to practice on live patients.The standardized system of evaluation allowed by these methods is also of benefit. Students can receive unlimited, objective and immediate access to feedback of their training.It also leaves students and practitioners free to experiment with and pioneer new techniques without any real consequences.Robotics and SurgeryHaptics have become a valuable and versatile tool in laparoscopic surgeries. Laparoscopies are traditionally diagnostic tools used in a surgical setting. Its invention changed medicine because it allowed surgeons to get clear internal pictures with only a small incision.Most research suggests that the best way for a surgeon to diagnose a patient is to be able to use their own hands. Some say that surgical tools are the second best option. Laparoscopes were considered to be the third best option until they were integrated with haptic feedback.Haptic technology helps doctors recognize foreign bodies and detect arterial pulsation. The artificial feedback allows doctors to get a similar sensation with this tool that they would also get from their hands and other tools while still minimizing the discomfort of the patient.Interactive SimulationInteractive simulation has proven to be one of the best training tools for the newest generations of doctors, surgeons and nurses. The interactive scenarios include a virtual reality medical simulation that puts both students and established practitioners through their paces.Haptics helps to bring a new kind of realism to virtual reality. The human body provides essential tactile feedback during surgery. For this to be lost in a simulation would mean that the sense of reality would be very skewed. By incorporating tactile realism into the education of doctors, these tools can be used to train doc tors to work efficiently and without error.HAPTICS IN AUTOMOTIVEHaptic technology can be integrated into many of the essential features of our daily lives. Using haptics in the design of todays cars proves that haptics is one of the most versatile technologies available today. From safety features to entertainment, haptics can help ensure that the driving experience is made simple.Safety FeaturesSensors integrated with haptics can give drivers the warnings they need to avoid mistakes and accidents. Auto manufacturers are including vibration alerts that warn drivers when impact with another vehicle is likely.Many cars currently use a series of beeps and noises that are designed to warn drivers. However, some argue that these noises are actually confusing and distracting.If manufacturers integrated haptics into both steering wheels and seats, they could quickly and quietly warn drivers of danger. The use of haptics could make these sensors more intelligent and by extension, safer.Huma n-Machine InterfaceLexus has always been a pioneer in luxury cars. The company focuses on the relationship between humans and machines. This relationship epitomizes the modern automotive industry.Lexus has integrated a system into its high-end vehicles that is remarkably similar to the interface of a normal desktop PC. The company has created a device that resembles a computer mouse to help drivers control the cars climate, audio system and navigation.In the newest generation of Lexus vehicles, the company has installed a remote touch interface. Now, drivers can control their systems with a touch-sensitive pad that emulates a laptop touchpad or a tablet. The design is put in the center console, close to where the average driver would rest their arm.The design now allows drivers to control their vehicles with only their fingertips. This is a huge evolution from the whole-arm movements required of past systems.Console and Dashboard FeedbackAston Martin has integrated haptics into its newest console interface. The luxury auto manufacturer created a futuristic yet beautiful center console in its newest Vanquish model.The new model includes two touch-sensitive pads and two rotating knobs. The new design is intuitive and provides the feedback drivers need to keep their eyes on the road.WEARABLE HAPTICSWearable haptics goes far beyond the Apple Watch. Haptics has recently hit the fashion scene by integrating technology into clothes that people actually want to wear. Many designers want to create gadgets and fashion that allow people to take their eyes off their phone and instead take in the world around them.Apple WatchThe Apple Watch is undoubtedly the hero product of 2015 and beyond. It has integrated haptics in a way that dismisses the problems that other technologies have yet to master. Apple calls its technology the taptic engine. It is designed to engage your senses when you are receiving information or sending communications.The Apple Watch allows the wearer t o hear and feel communication. Users have the ability to send another person a tap. When they tap their watch, the receiver will feel a similar sensation on the other end.Alert ShirtThe Alert Shirt by Wearable Experiments combines a sports fans two favorite things: their jersey and their teams scores. The Alert Shirt allows fans to live the game. They feel the same experiences that the players have through their haptic shirt. The shirt combines three primary elements with sports data that is collected in real time through a smartphone application. The application transmits the stats to the jersey which then creates real sensations based on whether the team is winning, losing or on the edge.CuteCircuitCuteCircuit has made years of fashion fantasy possible. CuteCircuit makes apparel and software that go hand in hand to help you create an ever-changing look. The garments they create will change patterns or colors when you send them a signal with the corresponding app. Clothing designs can be rented or purchased. The clothes and the app connect through Bluetooth. It is currently available for iOS.Kovert DesignsKovert Designs offers customers a collection of jewelry that is made from traditional materials like silver or gold. These pieces are integrated with haptic technology. Each of these rings, necklaces and bracelets contains hidden technology that connects wirelessly to your mobile phone.You can set them up to vibrate when you get a notification. The notifications are completely customizable. You can set them up to notify you when you receive messages from certain applications or even certain contacts. You can even set it up to only notify you if a certain keyword is detected in a message. The jewelry is entirely waterproof. You can also wear it for a week with only a single charge.CONCLUSIONHaptics has transformed from a fringe benefit of video games and mobile devices to a technology that is taking over the way people live their lives. Recent developments in products like the Apple Watch have demonstrated just how versatile and amazing technology can be when it includes tactile feedback. Manufacturers from all industries have become involved with developing haptic technology to take their products further. From automotive features to medical advancements, haptic technology ensures that the future includes plenty of sensory experiences for everyone.

Are You too Old for Graduate School Is it Ever too Late

Laid off after more than a decade in the corporate world, a reader asks, At 42 years of age, is it too late for a career in science? I stayed with the job for its fantastic pay. Thats over and Ive always wanted to make new discoveries. Is it too late to go to graduate school? The quick answer is no. Age will not hurt your application if youre prepared. It’s never too late to learn new things, carve out a new career path, and go to graduate school. But it may be more difficult to gain admission to graduate school after several years or decades in a career as compared with fresh out of college simply because of the gap in your education. What’s much more important than the amount of time elapsed between earning your bachelor’s degree and applying to graduate school is what you have done with that time. Many fields, like business and social work, often prefer applicants to have some work experience. Science fields emphasize a background in science and math. Recent coursework in these areas will aid your application. Demonstrate that you can think abstractly and have the mind of a scientist. Learn About the Graduate Program: Do You Meet the Basic Requirements? Once you have decided to apply to grad school after years away from academia your job is to carefully examine each graduate programs requirements. Are there any stated expectations about a particular major, coursework, or outside experiences? Evaluate your background and skill set. Do you have the basics? If not, what can you do to enhance your application? You might take classes in statistics, for example, or volunteer to work in a faculty members lab. Volunteering is easier once you have taken a class or two and have a basis for a relationship with a professor. That said, it never hurts to ask as every professor could use an extra set of eyes and hands. GRE Scores are Important! Good scores on the Graduate Record Exam (GRE) are part of every successful application. However, if you’re applying to grad school after several years, your GRE scores may be even more important for your application because they indicate your potential for graduate study. In the absence of recent indicators (such as graduating within the last few years), standardized test scores may be scrutinized more closely. Solicit a Range of Recommendation Letters When it comes to recommendation letters, there are a variety of options for students who have been out of college for several years. Try to obtain at least one that evaluates you within an academic context. Even if you’ve graduated a decade ago you may be able to obtain a letter from a faculty member. Unless you were particularly stellar, he or she may not remember you but the university has a record of your grades and many faculty keep a permanent file of their grades. Even better, if you’ve recently taken a class, request a letter from your professor. Also get a letter(s) from recent employers as they have a current perspective of your work habits and skills. Be Realistic Know what youre getting into. Graduate study is not glamorous and not always interesting. It is hard work. Youll be broke. A research assistantship, teaching assistantship, and other funding resources can pay for your tuition and sometimes offer a small stipend but youre not going to support a family on it. If you have a family, think about how youll manage your family responsibilities. Where will you study and how will you carve out uninterrupted time? You will have more work than you can imagine and it will require more time than you plan. Think about it now so that youre prepared later - and so you prepare your family to support you as needed. There are many students who combine grad school and family quite successfully.

Diversity Is A Wonderful Thing - 855 Words

Diversity Diversity means that there are many different kinds of things, also means a group of people who are from different ethnic, languages, religions, beliefs, cultural traditions which exist in one community (Cockrell, Placier, Cockrell Middleton, 1999). In these days, we are witnessing many of the ethnic diversity in all areas, including education. Ethnic diversity has become an important issue that must be considered carefully and find out its positive and negative aspects. Ethnic diversity is a wonderful thing because it allows people to get to know each other, and share cultural aspects. Additionally, it reduces the chances of developing bias, racism. As we know, many different cultures absolutely have positive and negative effects. Therefore, we must admit that learning to respect and appreciate each other s cultural and stylistic differences and becoming aware of unconscious assumptions and behaviors that may influence our interactions will enable us to minimize the challenges and derive maximum benefits from diversity. Diversity experiences can promote students’ learning and affect on critical thinking skill that is one of the most important goals of education (McMillan, 1987). One of the richest things for enhancing st udent learning in the classroom is the diversity of students themselves (Lynn,1998). So how does diversity effect on students, teachers and parent? Students Each child comes to the classroom with a wide pattern of differing experiences outsideShow MoreRelatedDiversity Is A Wonderful Thing?829 Words   |  4 PagesDiversity can be defined as people who come together from different races, religions and nationalities. 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I believe this will help kids understand that diversity is a wonderful part of living in America, because no two people are exactly theRead MoreSummary Of The Odd One Out 1271 Words   |  6 Pagesand the decision to surround such a historic artifact with a shopping district was done purposefully. The Church when seen seems very out of place in a street such as Newbury, however, the two polar opposite architectural masterpieces reflect the diversity of Newbury Street, and as to why it is referred to the time square of Boston. The different architecture invites different types of people to such a vibrant street making it not only a tourist attraction but also a street where people from all differentRead MoreCultural Diversity in the Workplace Essay968 Words   |  4 PagesErica L. Munsey Cultural Diversity In The Workplace Sociology 220B There is presently more than 60% percent of the United States work force that consist of immigrants, minorities and woman. Current studies show that in the next 10 – 15 years such groups will rise to 90% in the work force. Today’s leaders are now confronted with the challenges of how to effectively manage the work force that is increasing in the diverse lines of ethnicity, physical abilityRead MoreExploration Of Cultural Identity : A Small Part Of A Person s Identity885 Words   |  4 PagesExploration of Cultural Identity A large part of a person’s identity falls within their system of values, beliefs, ideas and biases. My own values and belief systems have morphed several times over the course of my life. Currently, I value family above all things. I define family both by blood relatives and close friends. My family is my support system and I am part of theirs. I would, will and do drop everything when a member of my family needs me. This very much influences the type of person I am and theRead MoreImagine, by John Lennon Analysis848 Words   |  3 Pageslike the thing that devide people in two groups, good people and the bad one. Because good people of course would have good attitude only to reach the heaven which they want. So I think they do a good things also only to reach the heaven, may be they don t really want to do the good things, they just afraid if they are not accepted in heaven. Moreover the hell would only makes us fright to do bad things. We do good things with no sincere. I t hink John Lennon thought if we do all things sincerelyRead More Workplace Observation Essay834 Words   |  4 Pagesengineers in service, installation, maintenance, manufacturing test and quality functions in a variety of industries throughout the world. I have only worked for DBS for 4 months and I am proud to be part of the organization. The work environment is wonderful, educational and enjoyable. Organizational Policies In DBS, the policies are an important management tool. Policies reflect the rules that control the performance of the organization processes. Every company that my organization has around theRead MoreFlawed Policy Failed Politics876 Words   |  4 Pagesgender diversity and the only way to really to do that would be to ensure parity of females and males in such industries but we then need to look at a whole new area of gender quotas. Could the article have drawn on previous results from experiments such as The Hawthorne Studies of Elton Mayo back in the 1920’s and linked it to females working in these industries in World War2 right up to the modern day? â€Å"Flawed Policy, Failed Politics? Challenging the Sexual Politics of Managing Diversity in EngineeringRead MoreIs Religious Diversity And Religious Influence Good Or Bad For Our Nation?1455 Words   |  6 PagesIs religious diversity and religious influence good or bad for our nation ? This is a complicated and complex question that causes frequent arguments because it has both negative and positive effects. In my opinion, I think religious diversity and influence are great things for the United States and any country for that matter as a nation. I say this because without religious diversity where would we be today? A religiously diverse nation is one that values the difference in people. I view religiousRead MoreCompensation And Benefits Of Employees1446 Words   |  6 PagesCompensation and Benefits When most people thing of compensation and diversity in the same category, they assume the discussion will be under the umbrella of discriminatory practices against women and minorities. However, compensation and benefits are tools at the disposal of human resources professionals for recruiting and retaining a diverse employee pool even in the absence of a formal diversity management programs. Like a properly executed training and development program, benefits packages can

Embarrasing Moment Free Essays

My most embarrassing moment I consider myself to be one who doesn’t easily get embarrassed, but one of my most embarrassing moments happened this past summer. It all started when a few friends of mine decided that since it was incredibly hot out that summer day, that we should all go down to Tubbs hill for a swim. I’m not sure if you realize how busy downtown is during mid-summer season, but understand it’s almost always completely jammed full of people trying to fight off the blistering sun. We will write a custom essay sample on Embarrasing Moment or any similar topic only for you Order Now So my friends and I hiked up the path to get a good spot to start jumping off the rocks and start swimming, but all the great spots were all full. We decided to just find a close spot and just deal with all the people in the area. Our day progressed as normally as you’d expect, and everyone was enjoying the water and how refreshing it was fighting off the heat of the day. Eventually everyone was starting to get bored jumping off the smaller rocks as well as just swimming around, so my friends decided we should start jumping off the higher rocks. Eventually it came to my turn to jump and I went for it. As I dived into the water I didn’t realize at the time the sheer pressure on my swim shorts, but once I broke the surface of the water for air it struck me. I had lost my swim shorts on the dive, so I was sitting in the water completely nude in front of all my friends and random strangers that were watching. I franticly searched for my swim shorts, but to no avail, they were lost. Eventually a friend brought me a towel so I could get out of the water and return home. I would have to say that this was one of the most extremely embarrassing moments I’ve had so far in my lifetime. How to cite Embarrasing Moment, Papers

A Peoples History Of The United States Chapter Fo Essay Example For Students

A Peoples History Of The United States Chapter Fo Essay urAs the British and Colonists were engaged in the Seven Years War against the French and Indians, the colonists were slowly building up feelings for their removal from under the British crown. There had been several uprisings to overthrow the colonial governments. When the war ended and the British were victorious, they declared the Proclamation of 1763 which stated that the land west of the Appalachians was to be reserved for the Native American population. The colonists were confused and outraged and the now ambitious social elites were raring to direct that anger against the English since the French were no longer a threat. However, the social elite was a miniscule percentage of the colonial population. As documented in city tax lists, the top 5% of Bostons taxpayers controlled 49% of the cities taxable assets. The lower classes then started to use town meetings to express their feelings. Men like James Otis and Samuel Adams from the upper classes formed the Boston Caucus and thr ough their motivational speaking, molded and activated the laboring-class. After the Stamp Act of 1765, the Britishs taxation of colonists to pay for the Seven Year War, the lower-class stormed and destroyed merchant homes to level the distinction of rich and poor. A hundred lower-classmen had to suffer for the extravagance of one upper-classmen. They demanded more political democracy in which the working class could participate in making policies. In 1776 elections for the constitutional framing of Pennsylvania, a Privates Committee urged the opposition of rich-men in the convention. Even in the countryside, there were similar conflicts of rich against poor. Several riots in the New York/Jersey area were more than riots but long lasting social movements to create counter governments. Rioters were breaking into jails and freeing their friends. Soon however, the lower-classmen started to turn to the British for support against the rich colonists. With the intensification of the Briti sh conflict, the colonial leaders started to think of ways to unify themselves with the rioters to handle the British. But the Regulators, laborers, petitioned the government on their grievances and as a result a large riot broke out in 1770 in a court.Riots against the Stamp Act swept Boston in 1767. The leaders instigated crowd action and at this time, 10% of the taxpayers accounted for 66% of the taxable wealth.This riot made leaders realize the dilemma and so the Loyal Nine was formed, a group of skilled laborers, and a procession, of two or three thousand, against the Stamp Act was organized in August 1765. Still the leaders denounced the processions actions and even when the act was repealed, a celebration was only attended by the non-processioners. In Britains next attempt to tax the colonists, troops were sent and friction grew.On March 5, 1770 British soldiers killed workers in a fight known as the Boston Massacre and anger mounted quickly. This led to the removal of the so ldiers form Boston. There had also been soldier-worker skirmishes elsewhere. In 1772 the Boston Committee of Correspondence was formed to organize anti-British actions. With the Boston Tea Party of 1773, an action against the tea tax, the Parliament proposed the Coercive (Intolerable) Acts which closed the Boston port dissolved the colonial government in Massachusetts and led to the importing of troops. In other colonies it was clear to the leaders that they needed to persuade the lower class to deflect their anger against British and join the revolution. Men like Patrick Henry, an orator, and Tom Paine, author of Common Sense, relieved the tension between classes although some aristocrats were angered by the idea and didnt want the patriot cause to go too far into democracy. However, Paine strongly believed that such a democratic government could represent some great common interest. The Continental Congress was formed in 1774. After the battles of Lexington and Concord in April 1775, a small committee was formed to draw up the Declaration of Independence, adopted by the Congress on July 2 and proclaimed July 4, 1776. By now most colonials had already experienced their feelings of independence and welcomed it. The Declaration included a list about the king holding a tyranny over the states. Some people, though, were omitted from the Declaration: Indians, blacks, slaves, women but i n the phrase all men are created equal, they were not deliberately included but included by the definition of men. It also states that a government is formed to promote the life, liberty, and happiness of the people and when so stopped the people may replace it. Some trace this idea back to John Lockes Second treatise on Government. .u087d76d1151d5abfb5ff91bccedf7b8b , .u087d76d1151d5abfb5ff91bccedf7b8b .postImageUrl , .u087d76d1151d5abfb5ff91bccedf7b8b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u087d76d1151d5abfb5ff91bccedf7b8b , .u087d76d1151d5abfb5ff91bccedf7b8b:hover , .u087d76d1151d5abfb5ff91bccedf7b8b:visited , .u087d76d1151d5abfb5ff91bccedf7b8b:active { border:0!important; } .u087d76d1151d5abfb5ff91bccedf7b8b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u087d76d1151d5abfb5ff91bccedf7b8b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u087d76d1151d5abfb5ff91bccedf7b8b:active , .u087d76d1151d5abfb5ff91bccedf7b8b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u087d76d1151d5abfb5ff91bccedf7b8b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u087d76d1151d5abfb5ff91bccedf7b8b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u087d76d1151d5abfb5ff91bccedf7b8b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u087d76d1151d5abfb5ff91bccedf7b8b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u087d76d1151d5abfb5ff91bccedf7b8b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u087d76d1151d5abfb5ff91bccedf7b8b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u087d76d1151d5abfb5ff91bccedf7b8b .u087d76d1151d5abfb5ff91bccedf7b8b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u087d76d1151d5abfb5ff91bccedf7b8b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Th planets EssayThe Declaration was introduced and read from the town hall balcony in Boston. Ironically a member of the Loyal Nine, men that opposed militant action against the British, read it. Four days later a military draft occurred and the rich dodged it by paying for substitutes when the poor had to serve. Rioting followed with the shouting of tyranny is tyranny let it come from whom it may.Category: History

Californiacation by Red Hot Chili Peppers free essay sample

Album Review of Californiacation When the 1999 album Californiacation from the Red Hot Chili Peppers came out I really did not want to listen to it, I have never really been a fan of rock and roll. But I have learned that you can not judge a band by its type of music, because now this album is truly amazing in my perspective. This album was not made for the lead singer Anthony Kiedis, the album is made for the people to enjoy and to welcome back their star guitarist John Frusciante. He had left the band for no given reason, and to see him back must have put some energy in the band. Red Hot Chili Peppers have made me realize that music is more than something to listen to. It is something to follow, every song has its own voice, I think Red Hot does a great job of expressing these ideas in this album. We will write a custom essay sample on Californiacation by Red Hot Chili Peppers or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I need to put myself deep in the depth of the music to find out what it really means, as we all should. In the album this particular band refers to the world becoming more superficial, just like California. The more I listen to their music the more I enjoy it. The choice of rhythm is fantastic. You can not go to California without bringing home something, so its a good thing they brought home a pretty darn good album. It really must have been a pretty cool Californiacation.

Singers and Vocal Damage Essays

Singers and Vocal Damage Essays Singers and Vocal Damage Essay Singers and Vocal Damage Essay Vocal damage limiting singing ranges occurs only from one source; singing outside appropriate registers. The misconception singers have a â€Å"God given gift† and never took lessons is hugely to blame. Singing Bel-canto, requiring advanced training with the head voice, and belting, a very advanced technique uses the chest voice to sing high notes requires years of quality training and consistent vocal exercises to strengthen muscles used producing pleasing vocal sounds. Many self taught singers are capable of improving their own singing abilities and range capacities. Unless singers collect information on vocal conditions along with their singing research, developing problems in vocal chords can go undetected until serious vocal damage occurs. Professional   singing instructors are trained to listen for potential vocal problems. Beginning singers who sing every pitch accurately with the radio are usually disappointed to discover they can safely sing from a very limited regi ster. All vocal injuries must be corrected before expanding use of voice registers. There are many ways to prevent vocal damage. Two of the most commonly known ways are vocal warm ups and careful monitoring of any voice misalignments while singing or speaking.Vocal RegistersRegisters are defined as the area of sound, which may be applied to musical instruments, audio recording technology or vocals. When referring to singing, there are a total of three registers; middle, chest and head. Skilled singers effortlessly and unnoticeable blends all three registers. Effortlessly blending all three registers are indications of a well taken care of voice, using sufficient warm ups with every singing session; not how many years experience the singer has. With information readily available today, there is no good excuse for skipping vocal warm ups before attempting full out singing, including singing in the shower no one else is going to hear. Adequate warm ups increase the vocal registers capa city. 1. Warm ups consist of singing the vowels, before the entire words, even for just 10 or 15 minuets. Advanced singers warm up routines before each singing session usually last about 30 minuets. The warm ups continue through out the singing sessions. Even though children need warm ups, until they are about 12 years of age, they do not have the capacity to   sing outside the middle notes range. Many children’s songs can easily strain children’s vocal chords. Children can only match about two or three pitches, above the middle C. 2. The lead role of Annie, may make the child a star, and parents really proud. But the song â€Å"Tomorrow† is the last thing children of this age this role calls for should be singing, unless the sheet music is modified.   Because of age, the physiology of their sound producing organs, is to small and weak to draw sounds from their deeper registers, chest voice. Singing alphabetical two letter syllables warm up and strengthen ch ildren’s voices. Beginning singing adults can damage their vocal chords, as well as children, if they fail to consistently practice and use their existing range before going on to more advanced singing stages. Repeated careless abuse of voice can permanently restrict   availability of vocal registers singing capacity. Taking necessary precautions allow full development of vocal registers, at least greatly reduce chances of vocal injury.The most significant exercise singers can do to protect and enhance their voice is deep breathing sessions. Neither Bel Canto or belting stages can be achieved without strongest possible air capacity in the lungs.1. To prevent vocal damage, singing sessions are started with deep breathing, and the deep breathing automatically becomes part of the singing session. The breath must be sustained to hold out for at least one or two bars. 2. Not every child who sung the song Tomorrow ended up with vocal problems. The risk of injury is increased when singing the original version of the song.â€Å"When chest voice is used in a healthy way, with proper airflow and sensations of resonance in the head, it can add strength and vitality to the speaking and singing voice† (Ware, 2004). Adequate airflow through the passages is necessary to sustain the demands of making effortless transitions while interchanging vocal registers, in Bel Canto or sustaining the (1) . constant hitting together of the vocal chords during belting.Head VoiceVocal registers consists of high (head) and low (chest) ranges. (2).   The head voice sings high, fast notes; the melody. Singer’s level or singing strengths are measured by the head voice’s effortless shift in and out of vocal registers. In less experienced singers, contrast, changes, voice shifts, breaks, voice tone and quality, and lack of volume occur if there is difficulty changing registers. To prevent vocal damage, all noticeable shifts, breaks, audible contrast must be analyz ed before singing more pitch ranges. If the singers breathing is audible, contrasting with song being sung, the voice is demanding tension from inappropriate registers. Usually, contrasting breathing breaks indicates the singer’s lung or aerobic capacity is not strong enough for the song he or she is singing. â€Å"Having to take breathing breaks in the middle of conversations or when stressed, singing is affected when singing above middle C, voice is unsteady due to spasm in voice box† (Chitkara, 2006). Sheet music is marked indicating when singers can breathe. (3). Singers cannot breathe when they want to, or with each word. The song to be sung in conjunction with the music, the singer must be able to extend his or her vowel sounds through crescending or   descending stages, while sustaining the notes.1. Because belting pulls the voice out of the low register to sing the high notes, the vocal chords forcibly hit together, then immediately bounce away from one anoth er. Belting   puts demands on the vocal chords, but there is no tension or stress on the vocal chords when accurately sung. 2. To visualize the high voice, think of the left hand playing the high notes on the keyboard. 3. Music does not flow if the singer has to stop and breathe in the middle of the song.The microphone picks up on the out of place breathing, magnifies the sound, and sends it out to the audience. When Britney Spears first started singing, many people complained about her lack of singing talent. The advanced recording technology magnified her nasal singing. With regular breathing exercises, lungs accumulate strength and physical ability to sing greater range of pitches, which implements more use of registers to draw out vocal sounds. Usually the head voice is used to control breathing and pitch control.   When the lungs are fit enough to control pitches, even flow of registers are possible. The singer is getting closer to being capable of singing the Bel Canto lev el.

Respiration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Respiration - Essay Example Therefore, aerobic respiration only occurs when oxygen is present. The main food product that is utilized in this process is glucose. When glucose is oxidized, there is a production of energy, carbon dioxide, and water. The released energy is the form of Adenosine Tri-Phosphate (ATP). The process of aerobic respiration can be summarized using the equation C6H12O6 + 6O2 = 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy (ATP) (Starr & McMillan 2012, p56). There are three main stages through which aerobic respiration takes place; Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and the Electron Transport Chain. This process of aerobic respiration occurs in cytosol part of the cell. During this process, glucose is oxidized partially and broken down into pyruvate, which is a 3 carbon molecule. Glycolysis produces 2 ATP molecules and 2 NADH molecules. Each NADH molecule is responsible for carrying 2 energy electrons, which are later used by the cell (Starr & McMillan 2012, p56). This can be regarded as the second stage in aerobic respiration whereby the pyruvate molecule is processed to produce energy that is later stored between the bonds that hold the pyruvate molecule. The synthesized energy is released in the form of ATP (Starr & McMillan 2012, p.57). This is the last stage in aerobic respiration. This process is responsible for releasing the energy synthesized during glycolysis and krebs cycle. The electron transport chain comprises of a network of electron carrying protein located on the inner membrane of the mitochondria. It is in this stage where electrons and protons are added to oxygen to produce water. Production of ATP occurs when protons move across the cell membrane, a process referred to as chemiosis (Starr & McMillan 2012, p57). In times of strenuous exercises, there is consumption of high levels of energy, which implies that excess of ATP is needed. When there is insufficient oxygen the body respires

Australian waste Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Australian waste - Essay Example The most polluted sites in Australia include transport sites, roadsides, park/waterfront areas, rivers and creeks, school grounds, coastal/beach areas, as well as shops and malls. A recent trend exists that seeks to move away from burying and burning of waste in Australia towards its reuse and recycling. This shift towards sustainable development and conservation ideals with regards to waste disposal, as well as policies aimed at recycling, reusing, reduction of generation, and extraction of energy from the waste have caught on in Australia. Since the 1990s, household waste recycling has become more popular. Reasons for this trend can be explained by the presence of kerbside recycling; raising commodity prices, as well as increased levies for land fill services to prohibitive levels. However, mobile phones have introduced a new dilemma since they contain harmful products. This has necessitated novel ways of disposal. AUSTRALIAN WASTE Australia generates approximately one tonne of was te every year that is sent into a landfill. After the United States and Israel, Australia ranks as the third largest producers of landfill among developed countries. Significantly, most of this waste is resultant from goods that Australians do not even use with waste of over $10.5 billion per year occurring. This habit has begun developing in the early 20th century as ideas of convenience and hygiene gave rise to disposable products, which was justified because the consumer was assured of un-contaminated products. Buying into disposability is easy because new products are cheaper than fixing a broken one. However, this kind of disposability is a fantasy that exists because Australians do not have to see, smell, or handle their waste. This is unlike natural systems where waste is critical in the maintenance of life and, therefore, is not removed, but used as a resource for another system. While organic material in nature can decompose and be used to create something new, this is not possible for industrial objects. It, therefore, becomes important to recognize the regenerative power that waste can have. Australia’s recycling habits, however, have been improving, although there is room for improvement. The most important waste management principle, including recycling, repair, reuse, and reduce, is refuse. Australians are encouraged not to buy a lot of products to begin with since the realization of a sustainable environment also needs a reduction in consumption (O'Connor, 2007). For fourteen years, plastics make up the majority of waste collected in Australia with 31.75 of all collected waste being plastics. Miscellaneous items like cigarette butts made up 17.7% of all rubbish. Metal, especially aluminium ranked third at 14.6%, followed by glass at 13.1%, and finally paper at fifth accounting for 12.6% of all collected rubbish (Australia Bureau of Stastistics, 2007). Other material included polystyrene and rubber. These are the major sources of rubbish i n Australia. When it comes to rubbish items, cigarette butts rank first accounting for 29.6% of items surveyed. Alcoholic beverage containers made of glass were second with 5.4%. The other rubbish items in order of prevalence include confectionary and plastic chip bags, plastic bottle caps, pieces of glass, PET drink containers, metal items, especially aluminium, and paper. The most polluted sites in Australia include transport sites,

Weaknesses Of The Ecological Footprint Environmental Sciences Essay

Weaknesses Of The Ecological Footprint Environmental Sciences Essay flourishing at a yearly rate of 4. Contribution of the industry in the economy has become a global trend. However, as the tourist industry flourishes, those activities have also resulted into environmental impact issues, such as traffic congestion, over- exploitation of natural resources, and issues created by inappropriate tourist behaviors. Apart from the effects on human, natural, and culture heritages, these create a lot of pollution (Wu, 2003). With the constant rise of environmental protection philosophies, green consumption is slowly from being a mere concept into real action. The hotel and restaurant industries, above all, are closely related to environmental protection (Kuo, 2000). It is truly said that the continued growth of development is having an extensive and different ecological impacts. The urban that are being expanded are including the agricultural land and established the ecosystems, reducing the local bio-productivity and biodiversity while there has been an incr ease in the level of demand for resources and other ecological services by the rising populations. Ecological Footprint has been co-originated by Professor William Rees and Dr. Mathis Waskernagel. The Ecological Footprint is embedded in the reality that all renewable resources arrive from the earth. It accounts for the flows of energy and converts these into the matching land/water area necessary for nature to support these flows. The Ecological Footprint is defined as the area of productive land and water ecosystems required to produce the resources that the population consumes and assimilate the wastes that the population produces, wherever on Earth the land and water is located. It compares actual throughput of renewable resources in relation to what is yearly renewed. Ecological Footprint looks at the total quantity of global hectares that are necessary to hold a particular population. The Footprints of individual nations vary considerably.The Ecological Footprint is a resource accounting tool that measures the human demand on the Earth. By calculating a persons Ecological Footprint, it shows whether he is living within the ecological budget or whether he is overwhelming n atures resources faster than the planet can renew them. We can choose to live on a depleted planet or we can choose to live on a rich, biologically diverse, more stable planet proposes Dr. Mathis Wackernagel, co-creator of the Ecological Footprint. Strengths of the Ecological Footprint: It has an immediate intuitive appeal It is being used worldwide in a variety of settings. It addresses national, municipal, regional and individual footprint. It is used as a policy tool It is used as an indicator Weaknesses of the Ecological Footprint: It is not a precise measure of ecological sustainability It underestimates the impact of individual actions on the biosphere It provides limited information about most of the non-renewable resources. It allows only universal types of bioproductive areas to be recognized (forests, cropland) It does not account for all human impacts on the environment. Opportunities of the Ecological Footprint: Efforts are being done so as to standardize the Footprint. It will increase the usefulness of this sustainability indicator. It will be used for different projects. Critically assess Ecological Footprint with other existing environmental tools: The Ecological Footprint is based on the concepts of capacity and the precautionary principle which though out without their critics (Kooten and Bulte, 2000), are commonly accepted in the field of ecological impact assessment (Rees, 1996). Its methodology is grounded in the physical measures of the ecological limits and the environmental impacts of the human activity and it provides a theoretical foundation for the evaluation and comparison. Essential in the metric is an interpretation of the goal of the ecological sustainability that is to live within the bio-productive capacity of the earth. The tool that is being used is clearly focused on the ecological sustainability and with its creator acknowledging there is an additional need for the social assessment frameworks (Wackernagel and Yount, 2000). Thus, the Ecological Footprint is not proposed as a complete measure of sustainability. Rather, it is presented as a tool captures the main global ecological concerns within its metric w hich reflect a crucial precondition for the sustainability- living within the ecological limits of the earth (Wackernagel and Rees, 1996). The inventors of the Ecological Footprint have put more emphasis on various potential uses for the tool. Since this tool has been developed, the use of the tool has spread quickly into a different range of applications. Its use now has been expanded from global and national accounts, such as the WWFs Living Planet Reports (WWF, 2006) to the regional, city and local area scales. With respect to urban planning and development, Wackernagel and Yount (2000, p. 34) define the Ecological Footprint as a powerful tool for comparing the ecological demand of design options such as housing densities, transportation systems or infrastructure development. They say that: urban design has a significant impact on peoples consuming behavior. It influences not only how they shop, but also how they move around, what kind of houses they live in and what kind of urban infrastructure services they acquire. In another study, according to Muniz and Galindo (2005), they use the footprint analysis of travel-to-work behavior in Barcelona so as to conclude that urban form has a clear effect on the travel behavior which is greater that the socio-economic factors for example the average family income, and however that compact city policies that include the public transport and a mix of populations and activities resulting in a lower transport Ecological Footprints. With growing concerns on the environment, there are several international agencies which are using environmental data/information and indicators to evaluate current conditions and trends to provide information on the state of the environment. There are other environmental tools that exist. EIA- Environmental Impact Assessment: It is a process with a set of procedures. It is an assessment which helps decision-makers. It is a project that causes minimal degradation of environmental resources. It is a planning tool that is viewed as an integral component of sound decision-making. It also helps to identify, evaluate and mitigate the impacts caused by developments. Sustainability Assessment Tools for Residential Estates In order to decrease the ecological impact of urban development, it is important to make changes to the urban form and to the urban development practices. This process of change needs tools that can understand the ecological sustainability in the context of urban development that is it must be able to achieve the aims and targets, facilitate change in the practice and measure the progress that is being done gradually. EF- Ecological Footprint: It accounts for the use of the planets renewable resources. Its application includes analysis of policy, benchmarking performance, education and awareness raising and scenario development. As a policy tool, the ecological footprint is still in its infancy. Businesses are vital associates in delivering both the social and environmental scope of sustainable development. As organizations, they both meet the demand for goods and services essential to improve quality of life and, in the process, impact on the environment either directly or indirectly through their use of natural resources and their creation of wastes. One issue for businesses wishing to benefit from better environmental and social performance is the lack of consistent and credible methodologies to compute monitor and communicate evolution. latest years have seen a rise in companies using environmental management systems but few of these take life cycle approach and report for flow of material and energy. An amount of approaches are obtainable to businesses wishing to evaluate the environmental impact of their products or services. The matter of how much utilization is sustainable is also one that require to be addresses. Ecological footprint Analysis exclusively approaches the problem of sustainability by reference to the overall carrying capacity of the world at the same time , it also link to the individual behavior to organizational, regional and global. There are many tools which measure environmental progress and consumption of resources, such as the ISO 14000, the Environmental policies and measures (EPM), the Environmental Protection Act (EPA), the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), I-O, SPI, the LCIA, and the Environmental Management System (EMS). Critically assess EF with other existing environmental tools Ecological footprint is an approximate of the amount of space on the earth that a person uses in order to survive using obtainable technology. This space includes biologically productive land and water area that produces the resources devoted by that person such as food, water, energy, clothing, and building materials. It also comprises the quantity of land and water necessary to incorporate the waste generated by that person. In line with the management consultancy mantra that to manage something effectively you need to be able to measure it, the metrics of sustainability have become progressively important in the policy world, as governments, NGOs and others attempt to identify whether their strategies and policies are indeed beginning to have an impact. This metric turn has encouraged support for existing measurement techniques such as environmental audits, environmental impact assessments, strategic environmental assessments and state of the environment reporting, while unchecking a range of new techniques for measuring environmental impacts. These approaches range from sustainability evaluation to more fundamental ideas such as Ecological Footprints. Both new and older techniques for measuring sustainability push for policy saliency, each with its own intellectual justifications, supporters and critics, and in most cases, people whose income or professional standing in some part derive from their adoption and, equally important, local adaptation. The key players in the new metrics industry include those in consultancies of various kinds, universities, NGOs and government departments. We do not mean to assign base motives to any of those involved, since most are strongly committed to developing approaches that help shift behavior patterns in ways intended to bring about environmental improvements. We do, however, want to argue that there is more at stake here than who measures sustainability best; underlying the competition for how to measure sustainability is an ethical debate about what it is that needs to be measured, why and how. In terms of environmental problems, for instance, there is always basic political and scienti ¬Ã‚ c biases in choosing which problem merits most research money attention in different contexts. For instance there are other measuring tools which are used like: Environmental Policies and Management (EPM) This is used by government or other authorities to implement their environmental policies. That is, it focuses on problems arising from human impact on the environment which retroacts onto human society by having a negative impact on human values such as good health or the clean and green environment. Environmental Impacts Assessment (EIA) An  environmental impact assessment  (EIA) is an assessment of the probable positive or negative impact that a planned project may have on the environment, jointly consisting of the  environmental, social and economic aspects. The reason of the evaluation is to make sure that decision makers consider the resulting environmental impacts when deciding whether to proceed with a project.   EIA is one type of tools, which may assist the sustainable development of a country. According to (Fitzpatrick,2003 and Sinchair,2009), they said that the EIA is focused on the implementation of preventive means and due to the fact that the aim of the EIA is the identification of possible risks and effects as early as possible. The EIA gives an opportunity to take into consideration the potential effects of the designed activity and thus it consider the other alternatives in the project implementation form various perspectives. Hence, this is done by identifying the potential environmental, social and health aspects of the planned activity (Glasson et al., 2005). Advantages of EIA Disadvantages of EIA Simple to use It is difficult to change and it is open to poor judgment by decision-makers It is flexible It is complex and ambiguous Allows for good judgment It is slow and costly It can improve It can lose flexibility Environmental assessment is a systematic procedure that is designed to identify, examine and assess the environmental effects of a particular product or an activity. The aim of this procedure is to spot any foreseeable unpleasant impacts throughout the life cycle of a product. Environmental Assessment allows an effective combination of environmental considerations and public concerns into the decision making. The environmental assessment tools are divided into four sections namely: Life Cycle Assessment Environmental Risk Assessment Life Cycle Cost Eco-efficiency Environmental Protection Act (EPA) This act is to provide for the safety and supervision of the environmental assets of Mauritius so that their ability to sustain the society and its development remains unchanged and to raise agreement between quality of life, environmental defense and sustainable development for the present and future generations; more exclusively to offer for the legal framework and the tool to defend the natural environment, to plan for environmental management and to direct the inter-relations of environmental issues, and to guarantee the proper implementation of governmental policies and application provisions necessary for the security of human health and the environment of Mauritius. The model consist of six parts: Food, energy, textile, paper, waste, and construction land. Various resource or energy consumption items are converted into biologically productive land areas. There are six basic types of biologically productive land: Cropland, grazing land, forestland, construction land, fossil energy resource land, and water (marine) area. The ratio between the consumption of a certain type of goods and the yield per unit of such goods on a certain type of land is the biologically productive land area required for that type of land. Multiply the figure by the corresponding equivalent factor, and we have the required area for this type of land under local or international standards. Wherein: EFi: represents the ecological footprint of a certain category, normally expressed in units of global hectares (ghm2). Qi: represents the total consumption of a certain type of goods, normally expressed in units of kilograms (kg) or tons (t). Pi: represents the world average yield of this type of goods, normally expressed in units of kilograms/hectare (kg/hm2). Ei: is the equivalent factor for the type of the land which produces this type of goods. And, the value of the coefficient varies with land type.

Negative Effects of Tv on Family Life

Negative Effects of TV The television has many effects on family life and the individual, causing family bonds to unravel and the individual to become naive of their surroundings. The TV keeps one hooked for hours on end, causing family relationships to diminish and personal relationships to weaken. Not only does the TV seem to be a good alternative to conversations and interactions amongst one another, but it also helps to create a gap between the fictional world of TV and reality.Since the invention of the home television, it has become a crucial part in everyday household life. Children spend less time with family, because it is simply easier to sit down and be entertained by the TV. †The time spent next to it [the TV] exceeds the amount of time spent together with any other family member. † (Wattermann) Watching TV has a major effect on the way a child communicates with other family members and friends, distancing them from real-world situations and problems. Parents spend long hours working and want an effective suppressant for their children. Contemporary parents work a lot, but when they come back home they are not eager to spend time with their child†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Wattermann) Even adults fall into the attraction of taking themselves out of their childs’ life, in order to relax or gain the free time they long desire. The effect the TV has on the family has been negative in comparison to the original intention of bringing the TV into the home, back in the 1940s. The depiction of the family watching TV together has changed, and now with multiply TVs present in a home, the separation and disfunction of the family has increased.TV also has a negative effect on the individual, because it takes away from potential relationships and also promotes bad behavior and aggressions as seen on violent television shows. What is being watched on television has the potential to influencing negative behavior, within the child or even adult. In an articl e from the AAP or the American Association of Pediatrics, it was noted that, â€Å"Extensive research evidence indicates that media violence can contribute to aggressive behavior, desensitization to violence, nightmares, and fear of being harmed. † (Pediatrics Vol. 108 No. ) The violence seen on TV, can lead to violent acts later on. Individuals are affected by what they see on TV and can be influenced by the suggestive nature that is described in almost every TV program. â€Å"Even in G-rated, animated movies and DVDs, violence is common† (Boyse, RN). The TV violence has an effect on people and children of all ages, and even though some programs are educational and beneficial for the development and growth of the child, there are so many other programs going on at the same time that contradict the idea of â€Å"good TV†. Television watching also has a major impact on the self-image one has of themself.The TV paints a false image of what the normal and accepted person should look like. The person watching, therefore gets sucked into the mindset that they have to be like the well-toned models seen on tv, this creates many different problems. Insecurities within the individual flourish and they are constantly bombarded with images of how they should be, in order to fit into today’s society. While watching constant images of healthy women and men makes some people immediately jump off the couch and start their â€Å"cardio routine† some sit back and envy what they simply will never have.Ironically, this leads to eating disorders and obesity. â€Å"People, who spend hours and hours in front of the TV sets, are under very high risk of becoming overweight and obese. † (API Heathline) Either way, false advertisement of the way someone should be perceived has a negative effect on the viewer. In general, the content on TV impacts who were are and who we want to become in order to fit into society. Another factor involved in tel evision watching, is the amount and the persistence of commercials.Commercials make up a majority of television air time, trying to influence people to spend time and resources on products and new inventions that will make you better fit into society. For example, food commercials are constantly influencing people to make new recipes or to go to the newest most delicious restaurant in town. Other commercials such as the shopping channel become appealing to the older audience who are alone and constantly craving new things. This leads to hording and other disorders, including the addiction of television watching in itself.Commercials and news articles also persuade people in terms of politics, economic issues, and social influences therefore inducting the one-way nature of the viewers. If people constantly go to the TV for current updates on news and other current events then it deters the need to communicate with one another and create the social relationships needed to have a cohes ive balance in life. Another problem that arises with TV is the effect it has on one psychologically. Kids spend many hours in front of the TV, especially over long periods of isolation. Some adults can argue that the constant atching of television is the beginning of a new age of addiction. â€Å"Studies about negative effects of television addiction show the TV addicts’ people through its tranquilizing numbing affect, causing them to relax, become drowsy, and then desire to watch more TV. † (Parenting-Healthy-Children) Watching TV seems to have the same effects that habit- forming narcotics have on the individual. When watching hours upon hours of TV, one is quickly relaxed and put into a state of obliviousness to the outside world, therefore having similar effects of mind altering drugs.TV watching has many effects on the viewer and can lead to many social and personal problems. Family relationships, individual self- consciousness, and violent/ inappropriate subject matter all lead to the conclusion that too much television can be harmful to our society. TV is readily available to every one of all ages, and the majority of the material is geared toward a more mature audience. Over time, TV has changed dramatically from mostly family-oriented TV programs to programs geared to different age groups, in order to attract different audiences. Children and TV: The Negative Effects of Television. †Ã‚  Children and TV: The Negative Effects of Television. N. p. , n. d. Web. 13 Feb. 2013. â€Å"Media Violence. †Ã‚  Media Violence. N. p. , n. d. Web. 13 Feb. 2013. â€Å"Bad Effects Of Watching Too Much TV | Academic Programs International a Health Line. â€Å"Academic Programs International Health Line Bad Effects Of Watching Too Much TV Comments. N. p. , n. d. Web. 13 Feb. 2013. â€Å"The Negative Effects of Television Addiction and Computer Addiction. †Ã‚  The Negative Effects of TelevisionAddiction and Computer Addiction. N. p. , n. d. Web. 13 Feb. 2013.

Compare and contrast Charlie Gordon

Flowers of Algerian People are never happy with themselves we all have our imperfections and that's Just part of life. In the story â€Å"Flowers for Algerian,† Charlie Gordon has a mental disability and he wanted to be smart and for that he had to get an operation. Although he shouldn't have offered himself because before the operation he was happy, he worked at a factory, he liked his Job, he had true friends and fake friends Just like a normal person does. Having the operation Charlie cut his life short.Charlie should not have had the operation. Charlie had gone through a lot and he wanted to change. Charlie wanted to be smart, before the operation Charlie was gullible, his â€Å"friends† would make fun of him but he never realized it and he was happy. Charlie was smart in his own way but he never realized it because he was focused on being â€Å"smart. † After the operation Charlie was a serious person he understood everything his friends said. Charlie's beha vior changed he was more aggressive and he got fired.In conclusion, Charlie should not have had the operation he became aggressive, he scared people and got fired. Charlie was not as happy anymore, he was a serious person and he understood everything people said. Charlie wanted to be smart and never realized he was smart in his own way. Charlie should have never had the operation because he cut his life short, he was not happy, he was more aggressive but was giving up his life, and being happy worth It to be Intelligent.

Grapes of Wrath Quotes

The Grapes of Wrath is a novel by Nobel-Prize winning author John Steinbeck that is considered a classic piece of American literature. Published in 1939, the plot centers around the Joads, a family of sharecroppers, who journey to California seeking a new life as they attempt to escape the devasting effects of the Oklahoma Dust Bowl and The Great Depression. Selected Quotes from The Grapes of Wrath Houses were shut tight, and cloth wedged around doors and windows, but the dust came in so thinly that it could not be seen in the air, and it settled like pollen on the chairs and tables, on the dishes. Before I knowed it, I was sayin out loud, The hell with it! There aint no sin and there aint no virtue. Theres just stuff people do. Its all part of the same thing.... I says, Whats this call, this sperit? An I says, Its love. I love people so much Im fit to bust, sometimes.... I figgered, Why do we got to hang it on God or Jesus? Maybe, I figgered, maybe its all men an all women we love; maybe thats the Holy Sperit-the human sperit-the whole shebang. Maybe all men got one big soul everbodys a part of. Now I sat there thinkin it, an all of a sudden—I knew it. I knew it so deep down that it was true, and I still know it. They breathe profits; they eat the interest on money. If they dont get it, they die the way you die without air, without side-meat. The bank is something more than men, I tell you. Its the monster. Men made it, but they cant control it. I got thinkin how we was holy when we was one thing, an mankin was holy when it was one thing. An it ony got unholy when one misable little fella got the bit in his teeth an run off his own way, kickin an draggin an fightin. Fella like that bust the holi-ness. But when theyre all workin together, not one fella for another fella, but one fella kind of harnessed to the whole shebang—thats right, thats holy. It aint that big. The whole United States aint that big. It aint that big. It aint big enough. There aint room enough for you an me, for your kind an my kind, for rich and poor together all in one country, for thieves and honest men. For hunger and fat. Man, unlike any other thing organic or inorganic in the universe, grows beyond his work, walks up the stairs of his concepts, emerges ahead of his accomplishments. Fear the time when the strikes stop while the great owners live—for every little beaten strike is proof that the step is being taken... fear the time when Manself will not suffer and die for a concept, for this one quality is the foundation of Manself, and this one quality is man, distinctive in the universe. Is a tractor bad? Is the power that turns the long furrows wrong? If this tractor were ours, it would be good—not mine, but ours. We could love that tractor then as we have loved this land when it was ours. But this tractor does two things—it turns the land and turns us off the land. There is little difference between this tractor and a tank. The people were driven, intimidated, hurt by both. We must think about this. Okie use ta mean you was from Oklahoma. Now it means youre a dirty son-of-a-bitch. Okie means youre scum. Dont mean nothing itself, its the way they say it. I know this... a man got to do what he got to do. Theys a time of change, an when that comes, dyin is a piece of all dyin, and bearin is a piece of all bearin, an bearin an dyin is two pieces of the same thing. An then things aint so lonely anymore. An then a hurt dont hurt so bad. And the great owners, who must lose their land in an upheaval, the great owners with access to history, with eyes to read history and to know the great fact: when property accumulates in too few hands it is taken away. And that companion fact: when a majority of the people are hungry and cold they will take by force what they need. And the little screaming fact that sounds through all history: repression works only to strengthen and knit the repressed. How can you frighten a man whose hunger is not only in his own cramped stomach but in the wretched bellies of his children? You cant scare him—he has known a fear beyond every other. Were Joads. We dont look up to nobody. Grampas grampa, he fit in the Revolution. We was farm people till the debt. And then—them people. They done somepin to us. Ever time they come seemed like they was a-whippin me—all of us. An in Needles, that police. He done somepin to me, made me feel mean. Made me feel ashamed. An now I aint ashamed. These folks is our folks—is our folks. An that manager, he come an set an drank coffee, an he says, Mrs. Joad this, an Mrs. Joad that—an How you getting on, Mrs. Joad? She stopped and sighed. Why, I feel like people again. The migrant people, scuttling for work, scrabbling to live, looked always for pleasure, dug for pleasure, manufactured pleasure, and they were hungry for amusement. In the souls of the people, the grapes of wrath are filling and growing heavy, growing heavy for the vintage. Says one time he went out in the wilderness to find his own soul, an he foun he didnt have no soul that was hisn. Says he foun he jus got a little piece of a great big soul. Says a wilderness aint no good, cause his little piece of a soul wasnt no good less it was with the rest, an was whole. Whenever theys a fight so hungry people can eat, Ill be there. Whenever theys a cop beatin up a guy, Ill be there... Ill be in the way guys yell when theyre mad an Ill be in the way kids laugh when theyre hungry an they know suppers ready. An when our folks eat the stuff they raise an live in the houses they build—why, Ill be there.